007 核电站主要组成部分What are the main components of nuclear power plants?核电站的主要组成部分有什么?（https://www.nuclear-power.com/）The layout of nuclear power plants comprises two major parts: The nuclear island and the conventional (turbine) island. The main components of nuclear power plants are:核电站的布局主要包括两个部分:核岛和常规(涡轮机)岛。
核电站的主要组成部分是：Nuclear island（核岛）Nuclear reactor, containing the reactor core and the control systems.核反应堆，包括反应堆堆芯和控制系统。
Reactor coolant pumps (RCPs), which ensure circulation of the primary coolant.反应堆冷却剂泵(RCPs)，确保一次冷却剂的循环。
Pressurizer (in case of PWR), which is used to control the pressure of primary coolant.稳压器(以压水堆为例)，用于控制一次冷却剂的压力。
Steam generators (in case of PWR), where heat is exchanged between the primary circuit and the secondary circuit.蒸汽发生器(以压水堆为例)，在一回路和二回路之间交换热量。
Primary piping.主管道Safety systems.安全系统Containment building.安全壳Conventional island（常规岛）Steam turbine. A steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft.蒸汽轮机。
蒸汽轮机是一种从加压蒸汽中提取热能并用来对旋转输出轴做机械功的装置。
Generator. A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy of the steam turbine to electrical energy.发电机。
发电机是把蒸汽轮机的机械能转换成电能的装置。
Condenser. A condenser is a heat exchanger used to condense steam from last stage of turbine.冷凝器。
冷凝器是一种热交换器，用来冷凝涡轮机最后阶段的蒸汽。
Condensate-feedwater system. Condensate-Feedwater Systems have two major functions. To supply adequate high quality water (condensate) to the steam generator and to heat the water (condensate) to a temperature close to saturation.冷凝-给水系统。
冷凝-给水系统有两个主要功能。
向蒸汽发生器提供足够的高品质水(冷凝水)，并将水(冷凝水)加热到接近饱和的温度。
Moisture separator reheater (MSR). The moisture separator reheaters are usually installed between the high pressure turbine outlet and the low pressure turbine inlets to remove the moisture from the high pressure turbine exhaust steam and to reheat this steam before admitted to the LP turbines.汽水分离再热器(MSR)。
汽水分离再热器通常安装在高压涡轮机出口和低压涡轮机进口之间，用于去除高压涡轮机排出蒸汽中的水分，并在进入低压涡轮机之前对该蒸汽进行再加热。
Cooling system and cooling towers.冷却系统和冷却塔。
压水堆核电站主要特征（图片来自https://www.nuclear-power.com/）注：1）压水堆（pressurized water reactor）：全称“加压水慢化冷却反应堆”，是轻水堆的一种，使用加压的、未发生沸腾的轻水(即普通水)作为慢化剂和冷却剂。
是属于核电站中应用数量较多、容量较大的堆型。
2）沸水堆（Boiling Water Reactor）：全称“沸腾水反应堆”。
是轻水堆的一种，以沸腾轻水为慢化剂和冷却剂并在反应堆压力容器内直接产生饱和蒸气的动力核反应堆。
沸水堆使冷却剂水通过堆芯变成约285℃左右的蒸汽，直接引入汽轮机，只有一个回路，省去了压水堆的蒸汽发生器。
（待续）
